The American School of Geography made several significant contributions to the field. One of its most enduring legacies is the development of quantitative and empirical methods in geography. This approach, often referred to as the "Chicago School" or "quantitative revolution," revolutionized the discipline by incorporating statistical analysis, cartography, and spatial modeling into geographic research. These methods facilitated a more rigorous and systematic examination of spatial patterns and processes, leading to advancements in areas such as urban studies, transportation planning, and environmental analysis.

Another key contribution of the American School lies in its emphasis on regional geography. Geographers such as Carl Sauer and Richard Hartshorne advocated for a detailed, place-based understanding of landscapes, cultures, and economies. Their work laid the foundation for regional planning and development initiatives, as well as the recognition of the significance of local variations within broader geographic contexts.

Furthermore, the American School played a crucial role in expanding the scope of geography beyond traditional academic boundaries. Geographers actively engaged with government agencies, non-profit organizations, and private industry to address real-world challenges and inform public policy. This applied approach to geography helped bridge the gap between theory and practice, fostering collaboration between researchers and practitioners in fields such as urban planning, natural resource management, and disaster response.