The German School of Geography made several significant contributions to the field, shaping its theoretical foundations and methodological approaches. One key contribution was the concept of "environmental (or geographical) determinism," which put forward that physical and environmental factor exerted a significant influence on human societies. This idea, popularized by Ratzel and others, sparked debates about the relationship between nature and culture and influenced subsequent research in environmental geography.

Moreover, the German geographers emphasized the importance of regional studies in understanding spatial patterns and processes. They advocated for a holistic approach that considered the interconnections between natural and human systems within specific geographical contexts. This regional perspective enriched geographical scholarship by providing insights into the complexities of spatial organization and landscape dynamics.

Another enduring contribution of the German School was its emphasis on empirical research and systematic data collection. Geographers such as Humboldt and Ritter conducted extensive field expeditions, meticulously documenting geographical phenomena and compiling detailed maps and atlases. This empirical approach laid the groundwork for modern geographical methods and helped establish geography as a rigorous scientific discipline.

Furthermore, the German School played a central role in the institutionalization of geography as an academic discipline. Universities in Germany became hubs for geographical research and education, fostering a vibrant intellectual community that attracted scholars from around the world. The establishment of geographical societies and journals provided platforms for scholarly exchange and collaboration, further advancing the field.